Soil erosion happens when the natural forces of wind, water, and gravity disrupt the structure of the soil. When this happens, the soil particles become loose and start to move away from each other. When the soil particles are no longer held together by their bonds with each other, they can be carried away by water or wind. This movement of soil is called erosion.
Erosion can be caused by a variety of factors, including rainwater, wind, ice melt, animals burrowing through the ground, water flowing over a slope or hillside, or even people walking on top of grassland or farmland without tilling it first! Erosion is also a natural process that happens in all ecosystems around us.
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So why should you care about erosion? Well, you should care because it causes damage to our environment and our communities’ infrastructure like roads and buildings. Erosion also affects our quality of life because it destroys natural habitats and leaves behind land that isn’t suitable for farming or building homes on! Furthermore
Davis Erosion Cycle
In the year 1899, Mr. Davis revealed the complete reality regarding the erosion cycle and himself tried to state that “the period by which a raised landmass is eroded by the process of erosion and becomes a shapeless plane”. turns into a field.” In this way, Davies created a cyclical method of development of landforms based on the historical environment, along with it also confirmed that process structure and stage have a full effect on the formation and development of landforms.
The above three factors are known as Davis’s near equilibrium. The description of these three elements is given below.
(i) Structure – By structure, it is meant the geo-elemental composition built on the whole earth plane. Therefore, for this structure, these creative landforms are formed with the help of various elements and minerals. Rocks, high mountain ranges, plateaus, and plains in the landforms thus formed are the result of physical and chemical reactions of structural elements.
(ii) Processing is the method by which there are different conditions for bringing about a change in the basic shape of a land area. Therefore, the main shape of the development of any land area remains in the hands of the changed nature process. Therefore, the importance of structure for landforms is more than that of process.
Therefore, the order in which the process works in any region, similarly the development of visible land takes place in that region. For example, flood plains are formed by rivers and U-shaped valleys are formed by glaciers. Therefore, in different landforms created by these different factors, there is also a different speed in the state of the process, e.g. eroded by wind, weathering by the river, created by waves, snow affected, etc.
(iii) Stage- The structure of a topographical form is called a state in whatever conditions and time it is achieved according to the effect of the process. That is, the limit of doing work according to the time of the process gives a sense of the state. In general, there are three stages – puberty, maturity, and old age. Apart from these, scholars have also considered some other stages. The meaning of word stage is called the process involved in the development of landforms.
Demonstration of the geographical circle by the graph- As it is clear from the following picture, Mr. Davis has tried to explain it clearly by looking at the graph of the geographical cycle. In this figure two curves, the upper curve and lower curve are given. a b is a vertical line, with the help of which the height of the site segment and the time with the help of a horizontal line c c are shown. The river is taken as a triad.
The Ab and Sad lines represent the initial average relief and the final maximum relief, respectively. The a c line showing the sea level is the base level of erosion. Now, this cycle is divided into three parts. In the first stage, the land area is only uplifting. In the second and third stages, the self-segment gets degraded through erosion. The first stage (the stage of uplift in the land block) cannot be included in the regeneration and in the remaining two stages, the cycle passes through youth and adulthood respectively.
Criticism of Davis’s view
(1). It is true and true that erosion does not wait for uplift. As soon as the uplift starts, the process of erosion is applied simultaneously. Hence the statement of Davis that uplift is followed by erosion is wrong.
(2) Davis has called the process of regeneration to be sudden, whereas the uplift takes place over a long time (according to time).
(3) Davis also wrongly stated that any site segment remains in a stable state for a long time after the uplift is complete.
(4) The dynamic equilibrium theory of Hack, Stunler, and Schorley has proved Davis’s view completely wrong.
((5) The cycle nomenclature has been called erroneous by German scholars.
(6) Mr. Omal has pointed out that the main drawback of Davis’s erosion cycle is that he has made it excessively simple.
According to the above opinions, in the present scientific era, Davis’s opinion has been proven completely false and wrong. But still, this Davis’ cyclical concept of that time remains an immortal treasure in geography.