Our Sun is a storehouse of heat that continuously radiates heat. The temperature at the center of the Sun is estimated to be 280 million degrees Celsius. The huge bundle of heat waves coming out from the Sun is called insolation, which travels at a tremendous speed of more than 1.5 crore kilometers per minute … Read more
Basic Concepts of Plate Tectonics The concept of plate tectonics is based on the following three main assumptions: (i) The ocean floor constantly expands, and a new oceanic crust forms at active ocean ridges, while its destruction occurs in craters. (ii) The surface area of the Earth is constant, and the radius of the Earth … Read more
Landforms Formed by River Erosion (1) Waterfalls – If hard and soft rock layers lie alternately in a valley, rocky platforms are formed. If the hard folds are located along the soft folds and are slightly inclined towards the flow of the river, a series of waterfalls form. If vertical rock is found within the … Read more
Soil erosion occurs when natural forces such as wind, water, and gravity disrupt the structure of the soil, causing soil particles to become loose and move away from each other. As a result, the soil can be carried away by water or wind, which is known as erosion. Various factors can cause erosion, including rainwater, … Read more
Earth is part of our solar system, which is in turn part of the intermediate rotating arm of the Milky Way galaxy. There are innumerable stars and solar families in the three rotating arms of our galaxy, and many galaxies like the Milky Way together form a galaxy cluster. All the clusters of the galaxy … Read more
Penck’s Erosion Cycle According to Penck, “The phase and rate of upliftment of landforms and the sum of mutual relations in degradation are intertwined.” Mr. Penck has observed upliftment occurring at different rates and has divided the stages of evolution of landforms into three parts, as follows: Afasti Jinde Intiwak Lung – In this stage, … Read more