The origin of the Earth is a mysterious topic that has been debated by scholars for centuries. However, as science progresses, more information is coming to light. There are two main views on the origin of the Earth: the monotheistic or monistic hypothesis and the pairwise or dualistic hypothesis. Throughout history, several concepts and hypotheses … Read more
The condition that balances the upper and lower parts of the Earth’s crust is called “geoequilibrium” or isostatic condition. The term isostasy was first used by American geologist Dutton in 1889. Due to isostasy, mountains, plateaus, plains, and seas exist side by side. Exogenous forces continuously accumulate soil in the plains and seas by cutting … Read more
Geomorphology is the study of the surface features of the Earth, including its topography and landforms. The term geomorphology comes from Greek roots meaning “earth movement.” It is a broad field that focuses on the variety of ways that landforms on our planet are formed. Geomorphologists study how erosion and deposition affect the landscape, how … Read more
Meaning of Plate Tectonics The term “plate” was coined by Canadian geophysicist J.T. Wilson in 1965 to refer to a solid landmass on Earth. The study of the nature and movement of these plates is known as plate tectonics. The concept of plates emerged from two observations: (1) The movement of continents and (2) The … Read more
Our Sun is a storehouse of heat that continuously radiates heat. The temperature at the center of the Sun is estimated to be 280 million degrees Celsius. The huge bundle of heat waves coming out from the Sun is called insolation, which travels at a tremendous speed of more than 1.5 crore kilometers per minute … Read more
Basic Concepts of Plate Tectonics The concept of plate tectonics is based on the following three main assumptions: (i) The ocean floor constantly expands, and a new oceanic crust forms at active ocean ridges, while its destruction occurs in craters. (ii) The surface area of the Earth is constant, and the radius of the Earth … Read more
Landforms Formed by River Erosion (1) Waterfalls – If hard and soft rock layers lie alternately in a valley, rocky platforms are formed. If the hard folds are located along the soft folds and are slightly inclined towards the flow of the river, a series of waterfalls form. If vertical rock is found within the … Read more
Soil erosion occurs when natural forces such as wind, water, and gravity disrupt the structure of the soil, causing soil particles to become loose and move away from each other. As a result, the soil can be carried away by water or wind, which is known as erosion. Various factors can cause erosion, including rainwater, … Read more
The British mathematicians, Jeans and Jeffrey, presented their work at a conference, which was a significant event for earth science enthusiasts who had been eagerly awaiting this moment for decades. Everyone was hoping for new insights to help us understand our origins, but what happened next was beyond anyone’s expectations. Jeffrey began by explaining that … Read more
Earth is part of our solar system, which is in turn part of the intermediate rotating arm of the Milky Way galaxy. There are innumerable stars and solar families in the three rotating arms of our galaxy, and many galaxies like the Milky Way together form a galaxy cluster. All the clusters of the galaxy … Read more