Our Sun is a storehouse of heat. This always keeps on radiating heat. The temperature of the center of the Sun is estimated to be 280 million degrees centigrade. The name of the huge bundle of heat waves coming out from the huge body of the Sun is insolation. This tremendous power of heat is more than 1.5 crore kilometers per minute and reaches the earth’s surface in 9 minutes. The amount of heat is constant everywhere. That’s why This is called Saurthic temperature.
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Factors Affecting Insolation
1. Amount of insolation – The Sun is 1,488 lakh kilometers away from the Earth. Its surface temperature is 6,700°C. Is. According to scientist Kimball, 5 percent of the insolation is destroyed on the way, in which 42 percent of the heat is returned to the upper-level gases. 15 percent of the heat is intercepted by water vapor, dust particles, and other lower gases. Only 42 percent of the heat reaches the Earth’s surface. This is called level.
2. Height of the land The upper parts of the mountains receive less temperature and the lower parts receive more.
The temperature remains because the surface of the earth also provides heat along with the sun.
Sun’s rays- The sun’s rays do not fall equally on the ground. Somewhere the rays fall vertically and somewhere oblique. The rays of the sun fall vertically in the parts of the equator and fall obliquely towards the poles.
3. Distribution of land and water: The parts of the land get heated up quickly and cool down quickly as compared to the water part. The reason for this is the rough bottom of the land and the smooth bottom of the water. To heat the water part, five times the heat is required as compared to the land part. The cover of water vapor and clouds over the water part proves to be an obstacle in the heat radiation from the sun and the earth. 4. The nature of the earth- The nature and color of the earth also affect the insolation. Soil
The color also has an effect. Black soil absorbs more sunlight. rocky And compared to the icy parts, they get heated quickly. More insolation enters the dry land of the region without vegetation. 5. Thickness and transparency of the atmosphere- Where the thickness of the atmosphere is more, the insolation is less at that place. If there are more dust particles and clouds in the sky, then the radiation of insolation is less.
6. Number of sunspots- When the number of sunspots on the Sun is high, insolation occurs on the earth’s surface, because due to the release of more solar power, more vapor is formed and more clouds are formed in which less insolation reaches the earth’s surface. 7. Distance of the Sun from the Earth- The distance of the Earth from the Sun does not always remain the same. from the sun in the subsolar, The distance of the earth is more and less in the distance.
Insolation and latitude – The distribution of insolation is related to the latitudes. equator to the poles And the insolation gradually decreases and becomes zero at the poles. Radiation is the main reason is reflection.